Summer School

Museums, Democracy and Citizenship

Event Slider

The Calouste Gulbenkian Museum is organizing its third Summer School, with the theme ‘Museums, Democracy and Citizenship’.

 

This three-day event will convene researchers, museum professionals and creative minds for a stimulating discussion on the civic role of museums citizenship practices for fostering democratic values and competencies.

The Summer School programme offers a diverse range of topics. The opening day examines the impact of Artificial Intelligence on museums. The second day focuses on sharing power, and discusses new approaches to exhibiting historical art, participatory curatorship and collaborative networks. The third and final day, dedicated to sharing systems, explores digital empowerment and the role of museums in the construction and contesting of historical identities.


Speakers


Programme

17:30 / Registration

18:00 / Welcome

Guilherme d’Oliveira Martins – Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, LisbonAntónio Filipe Pimentel – Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, Lisbon

Artificial Intelligence: the end of museums?

The explosion in popularity of advanced content-generation tools and models has sparked lively debate on the future of museums and the viability of professions related to them in the fields of thought and knowledge production. At the inaugural session of the 2024 Summer School, the keynote speaker will reflect on the potential and limitations of A.I. as a whole in museum work.

18:30 / Digital dilemmas: purpose-driven digital leadership in museums

The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Museum operates at the intersection of everyday life, humanitarian action and art, focusing on the issues and values of humanitarianism – past, present and future. It lives these values by producing innovative, interdisciplinary content that sparks critical conversations and inspires us to imagine possible new futures. For 2023–2024, the Museum selected “digital dilemmas” as the focus of its public engagement efforts. Through this theme, the museum aimed to initiate a discourse on the transformative impact of digital technologies on the human experience. The Museum used the “digital dilemmas” theme as a platform for interdisciplinary enquiry and public dialogue. That platform served as the foundation of a broad programme of events that included lectures, panel discussions, workshops and late-night opening hours. Participants from diverse backgrounds – including artists, educators, humanitarian practitioners, museum professionals and members of the public – were invited to debate, discuss, consider and re-think how we might respond to emerging digital challenges in a progressive and civic-minded way. In this talk we explore some of the key lessons that other museums can learn from our work in this area, and invite museum professionals and students to think about the museum as a space were ideas are created, not just displayed.
Oonagh Murphy – Goldsmiths, University of London (online)Pascal Hufschmid – International Red Cross and Red Crescent Museum, Geneva (online)

19:00 / Reframing myths, reshaping futures: innovating with, for or through AI

In current experimentations with applications for AI, the opportunities of replacing creative roles and processes is quickly put forward. Pundits, creators, scholars and major cultural institutions alike are faced with a sudden need to justify their roles: What is an artist? What is creativity in the age of AI? Can a set of algorithms be creative? Is creativity overrated? In the turmoil of hubris and fears, many raise due caution: industries’ applications of large language models (LLM) and generative AI bring with them a swarm of ethical, political, environmental and social concerns, which get obfuscated behind philosophical debates on AI creativity. This presentation suggests the metaphors, myths and hyped-up imaginaries we create around AI, point to the very value we give, today, to the role of creativity, imagination and innovation in our lives.
Sandra Rodriguez – Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, and Voulez-vous, Montreal
Moderation:
Helena Barranha – Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, and Art History Institute (IHA) – NOVA FCSH, Lisbon

SHARING POWER

09:30 / Registration

Panel 1 – Revolutionised museums: yesterday’s art, today

Today’s social debates require us to rethink the ways of presenting museum collections. From permanent exhibitions to temporary installations, from the priority given to the museum’s voice to the polyphonic interpretations in the exhibition room, multiple strategies have been employed by European museums. This panel presents recent case studies that stand out for their innovative approaches and for demonstrating the risks taken by institutions with over a hundred years of history.

10:00 / Engaging the modern visitor: strategies for contemporary relevance in BELvue Museum

In an ever-evolving cultural landscape, museums must continually adapt to maintain their relevance. This presentation explores the innovative strategies employed by BELvue Museum, in Brussels, to engage modern visitors and enhance their experience. In this presentation will be discussed the integration of interactive technologies, inclusive programming, and dynamic storytelling methods that resonate with diverse audiences and foster citizenship education. By examining case studies, successful initiatives will be highlighted, such as participatory projects, interactive exhibits, and educational workshops. This session aims to provide museum professionals with actionable insights and practical tools to apply in their own institutions, ensuring that museums fulfill a civic role, remain vibrant, safe and relevant spaces for all visitors.
Aurélie Cerf – BELVue Museum, Brussels

10:20 / Pulling the past into the present: Islamic art and the museum today

We are political - whether we want or not. Museums are public institutions, facing automatically issues of participation and representation as a basic element of democracies, and of culturalism in times of racism and extremism. The Museum of Islamic Art in Berlin has reoriented its work in this direction. In terms of program work, projects such as ‘Multaka’, with refugees as guides in museums, enable social participation. This opened the doors of the Museum Island for many thousands of new citizens. Our nationwide ‘Tamam’ program with mosque communities’ addresses marginalized but established groups instead. However, most important: which stories do we tell? Closed cultural images of 'others’ or culture as an expression of exchange, entanglement, migration of ideas and people, and plurality? We try to strengthen open cultural identities online on our new portal, on-sight with the redevelopment of our permanent exhibition, or outside in schools, youth clubs and with educational publishers
Stefan Weber – Museum für Islamische Kunst, Berlin (online)
Moderation:
Jessica Hallett – Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, Lisbon

10:40 / Debate

— Intermission 20 MIN —

Panel 2 – Participatory curatorship: democracy in action?

The participatory projects carried out in art museums are rooted in community museums and/or those relating to History and memory. By nature, they demand a share of power and of the stage. How do art museums benefit from the introduction of participative methodologies in their processes? The philosophies and methodologies chosen for the projects under discussion in this panel clearly demonstrate the need to take risks to create new paths.

11:20 / Who wrote that word?

‘Power of the Word’ is a participatory curatorial project that invites citizens of Lisbon to investigate the Islamic art collection of the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, together with the curatorial and mediation teams of the Museum and invited scholars. It began as a pilot, in 2019, and is now in its sixth edition, with increasing reach and impact. Each version embarks from a keyword (Pilgrimage; Fables; Women) and crosses diverse methodologies to define a path for promoting engagement, widening knowledge, and democratizing the process of creating exhibitions. Words in the form of poetry, epic literature and learning, as well as the Word of the Quran, have a powerful resonance in Islamic cultures. Hence, the project began with reading inscriptions, with speakers of Arabic, Persian and Turkish breathing life into the medieval written word, breaking the silence around these ‘talking objects’. Quickly, words came to be understood as more than language, as culture, as heritage, and the project shifted from the act of translation to knowledge creation, through shared investigation and individual and group interpretation and storytelling. This talk takes a critical approach to these experiences to examine how the participatory process has evolved. Words are powerful. And who speaks and writes them inside a museum holds power. Where is that power today after six collaborations?
Jessica Hallett – Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, LisbonDiana Pereira – Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, Lisbon

11:40 / Policies and poetics of collective creation: questions based on PELE's experience in the field of community artistic practices

Maria João Mota – Coletivo PELE, Porto

12:00 / Youth Advisory Group: participatory processes for listening and change

Over the last year, CAM has endeavoured to make room for the integration of young people's voices into its future activity. One of the fundamental steps in this direction has been the creation of a Youth Advisory Group, made up of nine young people who, over a year, reflected with the CAM team on the needs of new generations and have led processes of change from their perspective, contributed with ideas and suggestions, and participated in the action and design of CAM's programming. This communication seeks to share this process and its challenges, as well as the effects of generating a space for listening and for opening CAM's strategic decision-making to the participation of young people in the areas of programming, curation, collection, dissemination, communication, and education.
Susana Gomes da Silva – CAM (Centro de Arte Moderna Gulbenkian), LisbonJoel Moreira – Youth Advisory Group, CAM (Centro de Arte Moderna Gulbenkian), Lisbon

12:20 / Co-curating Manchester Museum’s South Asia Gallery: inclusive participatory practice

This presentation will explore the experience of co-curation spanning over a 5-year period, with a collective group of 30 members. Nusrat Ahmed will reflect on the approach taken and share the lessons learned in this project of participatory work with communities. Manchester Museum’s South Asia Gallery, a landmark partnership with The British Museum is the first permanent gallery in the UK dedicated to exploring the heritage, histories, experiences and culture of the South Asia diaspora. The gallery was built on the spirit of collaboration and co-production with a unique collective of educators, community leaders, artists, historians, journalists, scientists, musicians, students, and others from the South Asian diaspora. The South Asia Gallery has become an award-winning, ground-breaking achievement, opening to global acclaim in February 2023. By centring the voices, perspectives, experiences, and knowledge of diasporic lenses, the gallery has become an example sector-wide and presents a compelling, contemporary take on South Asian and British Asian culture. Since its opening, the gallery has become a space for emotional connections and new narratives, where lived experiences and collections come together.
Nusrat Ahmed – Manchester Museum (online)
Moderation:
Marta Branco Guerreiro – In2PAST/Art History Institute (IHA) – NOVA FCSH, Lisbon

12:40 / Debate

— Intermission 90 MIN —

Panel 3 – Networks and partnerships: the multiplying effect

For museums, choosing to operate as a network does not always appear to be the most appealing route. There is a need to manage different agendas, different speeds, different timelines. What, then, are the advantages of networks? The case studies presented here demonstrate the multiplying power of working in networks and partnerships, identifying common methodologies in diverse territories.

14:30 / You and I are more than 26: Museu na Aldeia

It was early in the morning. Some municipal technicians and artists who were passing by sat down at a table. They didn't seem to have any subject or interest in common. Actually, they did have something in common: the desire to discover a new way forward together. A museologist spoke, but it was musicians used to other rhythms who listened to her. As if the diversity of languages wasn't enough, someone put 26 maps on the table, a small number compared to 26 mayors and another 26 councillors for culture. What they wove together was a larger mantle that tore down the walls of museums and artists, fertilised new works and created new places. This is how ‘Museu na Aldeia’ was born, an artistic and social intervention project focused on the elderly population in rural and isolated areas, in which 13 museums and 13 villages from 26 Portuguese municipalities came together in a larger network. Communities interacted with museum professionals, artists, and local organisations to share their cultural heritage and to revive traditions.
Vânia Carvalho – Leiria MuseumPaulo Lameiro – SAMP (Sociedade Artística Musical dos Pousos), Leiria

14:50 / ‘Azimute’: a new frontier of cultural citizenship

The pilot project ‘Azimute,’ an initiative by the Aga Khan Trust for Culture – Education Programme, was created to promote knowledge and celebrate Portuguese Islamic heritage, with a focus on diversity as the key to understanding and internalising History. Developed by the cultural organisation Mapa das Ideias, it involves students and teachers in activities related to curating and civic reflection, fostering partnership networks to amplify its impact. Its methodology values pluralism by encouraging collaborations between school communities and cultural institutions, generating a multiplying effect that empowers dialogue, empathy and inclusion in a culturally diverse society.
Inês Câmara – Mapa das Ideias, OeirasRaj Isar – Aga Khan Trust for Culture, Lisbon

15:10 / DES/CODIFICAR BELÉM: art and activism in the streets and inside the museum

How do we get museums involved in activism and processes of collective critical thinking about local and material history? ‘DES/CODIFICAR BELÉM’ is an active citizenship laboratory developed by Coletivo FACA, that questions hegemonic narratives and dissensions in the public space. This curatorship, mediation and artistic production project adopts a critical and intersectional approach to the public space and its colonial heritage in Lisbon, specifically in the Belém area. The project is supported by two contemporary art museums: the Museu Coleção Berardo (now MAC/CCB) and the MAAT: Museum of Art, Architecture and Technology, due to their proximity to and relationship with the space in question. In this presentation, we will discuss the aims of the project, the involvement of guest artists, processes of thought/co-creation with young people, and the role played by the partner museums throughout the process.
Andreia Coutinho – Coletivo FACA, LisbonMaribel Mendes Sobreira – Coletivo FACA, Lisbon

15:30 / Museums as laboratories for democratic competencies

The museum/school relationship is the main focus of this presentation, which introduces ‘Desafio de Projetos’, the partnership between the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum and the Rede de Bibliotecas Escolares (School Libraries Network). This programme demonstrates how museums can become effective laboratories for the development of democratic skills, reaching even audiences who are oblivious to the everyday workings of a museum, particularly those in peripheral or remote areas. Developing collaborative and interactive creative and/or research projects, ‘Desafio de Projetos’ fosters the active participation of students, teachers and school librarians, promoting critical thought, creativity, empathy and dialogue. By providing access to high-quality cultural and educational resources, the programme contributes to engendering citizens with stronger links to their community and greater awareness of the importance of cultural heritage. A mix of key partnerships and pedagogical and technological approaches that improve accessibility and inclusion of school audiences, this type of project demonstrates the fundamental role that museums play in democratising access to culture and knowledge.
Ricardo Mendes – Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, Lisbon
Moderation:
Beatriz Saraiva – Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, Lisbon

15:50 / Debate

— Intermission 20 MIN —

16:30 / Round table: what is this museum for?

During the summer of 2024, the advisory board of the Active Citizens Fund looked at the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum's permanent exhibition and assessed how it challenges its visitors: in what ways does it promote well-being, knowledge, inclusion, and citizenship? In this round table discussion with members of the advisory board, we discuss the main conclusions of this diagnosis and the good practices related to the civic consultation model of advisory boards.
Pedro Peixoto – Advisory Board of the Active Citizens Fund of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, LisbonLaís Pinto – Advisory Board of the Active Citizens Fund of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, LisbonAugust Knocke – Advisory Board of the Active Citizens Fund of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, LisbonSusana Padilha – Advisory Board of the Active Citizens Fund of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, Lisbon
Moderation:
Mariana Abreu – Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, Lisbon

SHARING SYSTEMS

09:30 / Registration

09:30 / Policies and poetics of collective creation: methodologies and devices for mediation, participation and creation in a community context

Art invites us to experience the unknown; it enables other – often unknown – ways of looking at, recognising, and provoking realities. Its poetic and political dimension provides a fertile space for questioning, projecting and collectively constructing new futures. It allows us to unveil and rewrite individual and collective narratives, and proposes an exchange of roles. It allows us to rediscover our bodies and other bodies, new movements, sounds, perspectives... An exercise in decolonising the senses, in imagination and in radical tenderness, a rediscovery and reconstruction of personal and collective poetics and power: a common body as a political subject. This ‘common place of art,’ in its physical and symbolic dimension, is the meeting place for this masterclass, which invites participants to an immersive, sensory, emotional and playful creative experience. It also proposes a critical reflection on the practices of desire and risk in the context of cultural institutions and structures, and their potential for creating spaces of re-signification, resistance and social transformation.
Masterclass with Maria João Mota, Room 1 (without streaming)
Introduction:
Ana Maria Campino – Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, Lisbon

10:00 / Disrupt, create, democratize: artists and citizens misusing tech to reshape futures

Artificial Intelligence, like other emerging media (XR, VR, MR), is increasingly proclaimed for the opportunities it brings to specific creative tasks, managing workflows, speeding up rendering processes or supporting new forms of audience engagement. Stuck between a fear of missing out on the AI goldrush and the fear of falling for its obvious traps, cultural institutions, artists and citizens get bobbed in between promises for AI applications, hype over tech new versions, and the constant redefining of their creative roles. Yet, if AI is quickly proclaimed an easy-fix solution for problems yet to be defined, it is not a panacea - nor a replacement for human endeavours. It is not one, but an umbrella of technologies that are the aftermaths of political, social, economic choices. Shedding light into the black-box of AI, this masterclass draws on past work by artist Sandra Rodriguez that misuses tech, big data and AI to demystify their potential.
Masterclass with Sandra Rodriguez, Auditorium 2 (without streaming)
Introduction:
Maxence Garde – Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, Lisbon

Panel 4 – The museum as citizen: difficult histories, contested identities

Museums and their collections become the subject of discussion and debate in the context of the construction of historical and identity-related narratives, as well as ethical questions of ownership and conflict. This panel presents case studies at varying levels of maturity in the research, identification of stakeholders, and negotiation these difficult processes require.

11:20 / Crime in museum collections: finding patterns towards hidden histories

Provenance research in museums has traditionally been reactive, focusing on individual objects with questionable histories. But what if the crime we expect to find limits us from seeing the bigger picture across museum collections? Are there ways to reveal broader patterns of unethical or criminal behaviour embedded in the relationships behind museum collections? In this talk, Donna Yates presents what was discovered by using a computer-assisted model that predicts plausible patterns and connections—'leads' or 'hot tips'—from a dataset of unstructured texts related to the antiquities trade. The findings suggest a possible multi-decade scheme involving the donation of low-value antiquities to museums as a form of ‘reputation laundering,’ potentially preceding criminal fraud. This work highlights the need for innovative tools that consider the complex networks in which museum objects exist.
Donna Yates – Maastricht University

11:40 / Ethics, provenance research, and museums: a critical overview

From being an optional and circumscribed activity reserved for art historians and curators, provenance research has developed since 1998 into an international niche industry mostly practiced in North America and Europe. In many instance, it has redefined the priorities of dozens of cultural institutions and forced governments to take the practice seriously. Provenance research is touted as a highly recommended exercise for auction houses, galleries and museums, as well as individual collectors and dealers to thwart any eventual legal issues arising out of their questionable ownership of objects under their care. Provenance research also lifts the ethical footprint of any institution that subscribes to it and makes it part of its regular practice of stewardship of their collections and future acquisitions. After 26 years, we are well-positioned to assess to what extent the art world and cultural heritage fields, writ large, have adopted provenance research as an essential component of due diligence. Private and public cultural institutions have different priorities due to their organizational structures but they do have this in common: they hold works and objects of art, they have regular visitors from far afield who expect to be wowed and educated, if at all possible. They acquire, borrow, lend objects and stage exhibits that show off their permanent collections or the artistic production of artists and creative producers of all epochs for their public to discover. Provenance research helps these institutions shape the narrative that they use to explain the objects in their collections. This presentation aims to examine how provenance research is used (or not) in public and private institutions and if the research leads these institutions to decide the fate of objects in their collections. We will briefly examine the tools at everyone’s disposal on how to conduct such research as well as the challenges faced by most museums in adopting provenance research as a regular practice.
Marc Masurovsky – The Holocaust Art Restitution Project, Washington D.C.

12:00 / In the shadow of Science: the case of the colonial collections of the National Museum of Natural History and Science, University of Lisbon

In August 2015, the National Museum of Natural History and Science received from the Portuguese government the scientific collections of the former Tropical Research Institute. The collections – totalling 2.5 million objects and 5 km of documentation – are the result of 118 cartographic, archaeological, zoological, botanic, geological and anthropological missions conducted between the 1880s and 1974 to Portuguese former colonies in Africa and Asia. Although highly documented, these collections had barely been accessible to external researchers, let alone the general public. Moreover, the prevailing institutional narrative was one that highlighted Portugal as a ‘good coloniser’ and science as an instrument of economic development and cooperation. Since then, the Museum has been conducting an extensive ‘decolonisation’ program, researching the history of these collections, establishing criteria to identify objects of extreme sensitivity, presenting exhibitions, working with communities of origin and museums in Africa and recovering hidden data and voices. The working values, methods and results of the National Museum of Natural History and Science will be discussed in this presentation, with a focus on the main challenges and dilemmas, particularly the evidence of extreme violence and suffering, death and memorials, the role of the performing arts in public interpretation, ‘out of time’ scientific research questions and the legacy of colonialism in present-day Portugal and Europe
Marta Lourenço – National Museum of Natural History and Science, Lisbon (online)
Moderation:
Inês Fialho Brandão – Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, Lisbon

12:20 / Debate

— Intermission 90 MIN —

Panel 5 – Digital-something: citizenship and knowledge

Digital practices in museums oftentimes question the authorship, voice and the centrality of the technical and specialised knowledge that the museum possesses. This panel presents projects that resolved this conflict effectively, reformulating the museum’s role as not only a producer of knowledge, but also a mediator of the resulting information and creation.

14:30 / 'Plant Letters' to museums: experiences and practices in citizen science

António Carmo Gouveia – UNESCO Chair in Biodiversity Safeguard, University of Coimbra
Citizen science is part of many effective research and education strategies for its importance in terms of knowledge production and what it means for the openness, transparency and understanding of scientific processes. In the natural sciences, volunteer citizens play an important role in biodiversity data collection and conservation, from simply recording the presence of plants, insects, birds or mammals around them, to detecting illegal logging or mapping marine pollution. These citizen science practices have significant impacts on citizens themselves, who have reported positive outcomes in terms of knowledge and skills acquisition, interest in science, and behavioural changes towards the environment. The project ‘Plant Letters’ combined the uncovering of historical biodiversity data with the collaborative transcription of thousands of handwritten documents, virtually connecting hundreds of citizens with the archives of a university department. Drawing on this experience, we will consider the opportunities and challenges of participatory science initiatives, looking at actual and potential applications in museum settings and the joys of engaging people with our institutions.

14:50 / Miradouro do futuro: XR approaches to cultural heritage interpretation

This presentation explores how AI and XR technologies can shape the future of cultural heritage interpretation by balancing technological innovation with human values. Drawing on her design background and expertise in AI, Megan Ammari discusses how these technologies can empower museums and cultural institutions to create immersive, interactive experiences that engage the public in new ways. The presentation highlights the potential for digital cultural libraries and XR experiences to democratize access to heritage, fostering collaboration and debate among cultural professionals. Megan advocates for a collaborative approach, where AI and the humanities work together to create a future that honours our past while embracing new possibilities.v
Megan Ammari – Independent researcher, Lisbon

15:10 / An open invitation: building knowledge and networks through digital engagement

Emily Cain – Smithsonian Institution, Washington (online)

15:30 / Museobot. Artificial processes for natural curatorships

Inês Fialho Brandão – Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, Lisbon
Moderation:
Vera Mariz – Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, Lisbon

15:40 / Debate

— Intermission 20 MIN —

16:20 / Round table: is the future today?

Young Redactor Attendees of the Summer School
Moderation:
Patrícia Simões – Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, Lisbon

16:40 / Closing

The Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation reserves the right to collect and keep records of images, sounds and voice for the diffusion and preservation of the memory of its cultural and artistic activity. For further information, please contact us through the Information Request form.

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